拋丸設(she)備首先應用于鑄造(zao)業鑄鋼、鑄鐵件的表(biao)面粘砂及氧化皮的清除。

幾乎所有的(de)(de)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)鋼(gang)件(jian)(jian)(jian)、灰(hui)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)、 瑪鋼(gang)件(jian)(jian)(jian)、球(qiu)鐵件(jian)(jian)(jian)等(deng)(deng)都要進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)拋(pao)丸(wan)處理(li)。這(zhe)不僅是(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)了(le)清(qing)(qing)(qing)除鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)表面(mian)(mian)氧化(hua)皮和(he)粘砂，同時也是(shi)(shi)(shi)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)質(zhi)量檢查(cha)前不可缺少的(de)(de)準備工(gong)(gong)序(xu)， 比如大型氣(qi)輪機(ji)機(ji)殼在進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)無損探傷(shang)以(yi)(yi)前必須(xu)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)嚴格的(de)(de)拋(pao)噴丸(wan)清(qing)(qing)(qing)理(li)，以(yi)(yi)保(bao)(bao)證探傷(shang)結果的(de)(de)可靠性。在一般鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，拋(pao)噴丸(wan)清(qing)(qing)(qing)理(li)是(shi)(shi)(shi)發現鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)表面(mian)(mian)缺陷如皮下氣(qi)孔、渣(zha)孔以(yi)(yi)及粘砂、冷隔、起皮等(deng)(deng)的(de)(de)必不可少的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)手段。有色金(jin)屬鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)，如鋁合(he)(he)金(jin)、銅合(he)(he)金(jin)等(deng)(deng)的(de)(de)表面(mian)(mian)清(qing)(qing)(qing)理(li)，除清(qing)(qing)(qing)除氧化(hua)皮、發現鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)表面(mian)(mian)缺陷外(wai)，更主要的(de)(de)目的(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)拋(pao)噴丸(wan)來(lai)清(qing)(qing)(qing)除壓鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)毛(mao)刺和(he)獲得具有裝潢意義的(de)(de)表面(mian)(mian)質(zhi)量，獲得綜合(he)(he)效果。冶金(jin)鋼(gang)鐵生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，拋(pao)噴丸(wan)或者酸洗(xi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)保(bao)(bao)證鋼(gang)鐵大量生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)獲得高生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產率而采用(yong)的(de)(de)機(ji)械或化(hua)學聯合(he)(he)去除磷皮的(de)(de)一種工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)方法(fa)。硅(gui)鋼(gang)片、不銹鋼(gang)薄板(ban)等(deng)(deng)其他合(he)(he)金(jin)鋼(gang)板(ban)、帶的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，在冷軋(ya)工(gong)(gong)序(xu)過程中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)必須(xu)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)退火(huo)后再進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)拋(pao)丸(wan)或酸洗(xi)處理(li)，以(yi)(yi)保(bao)(bao)證冷軋(ya)鋼(gang)板(ban)的(de)(de)表面(mian)(mian)粗糙度及厚(hou)度精度。

工件強化

根據現(xian)代金屬(shu)強度(du)理論，增加金屬(shu)內部的(de)錯位(wei)密度(du)，是提高(gao)金屬(shu)強度(du)的(de)主要(yao)方向。實(shi)踐(jian)證明(ming)拋丸(wan)是增加金屬(shu)位(wei)錯結構的(de)行之(zhi)有效的(de)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)方法。這對一些金屬(shu)不(bu)能通過(guo)相變(bian)(bian)硬(ying)化(如馬氏體淬(cui)火等(deng))或(huo)實(shi)現(xian)相變(bian)(bian)硬(ying)化的(de)基礎上(shang)而(er)要(yao)求(qiu)再進一步(bu)強化的(de)工(gong)(gong)件(jian)而(er)言，更具(ju)有十分重(zhong)要(yao)的(de)意義。航空、宇航工(gong)(gong)業(ye)、汽車(che)、拖(tuo)拉機(ji)等(deng)零(ling)部件(jian)要(yao)求(qiu)輕質化，但可靠性(xing)要(yao)求(qiu)越(yue)來越(yue)高(gao)，其重(zhong)要(yao)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)措施就是采用(yong)拋噴丸(wan)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)提高(gao)構件(jian)的(de)強度(du)和疲勞強度(du)。